“Dispersion The cause of bandwidth limitations in a fiber. Dispersion causes a broadening of input pulses along the length of the fiber. Three major types of dispersion include: (a) mode dispersion, caused by differential optical path lengths in a multimode fiber; (b) material dispersion, caused by a differential delay of various wavelengths of light in a waveguide material; and (c) waveguide dispersion, caused by light traveling in both the core and cladding materials in single-mode fibers.”